CAUSAL FACTOR IN MALDOVA

13:26 | Labels: Moldova

Moldova is a relatively new country, having proclaimed its sovereignty in 1990 and gaining its independence from the Soviet Union on August 27, 1991.

Despite the benefits of this independence:

almost one-quarter of the population now lives below the poverty line.
Women account for nearly two-thirds of all unemployed people nationwide, but this rate is as high as 5% or 90% in some regions of the Russian Federation of Moldova
In 1996, 87% of Russia’s employed urban residents whose monthly income was less than 100,000 rubles (US$21) were women
Unemployment, inflation, income differentials, and poverty have increased, and as a result of conflict and economic change, living conditions and access to services have all deteriorated.
Trafficking is an issue encompassing

ECONOMICS

In the stricter sense, the feminization of poverty refers to the fact that women, despite supporting themselves or their families, are becoming the majority of the world’s poor.

Despite their rising level of education (soviet precollapse), today’s women are employed in jobs that are below their level of skill and that result in lower rates of pay representing 68% in 1997 of the total number of unemployed persons in Moldova and earning 60%–70% of men’s average salary

However, even now the issue remains pertinent the loss of jobs among Moldovan women was three times that of men in the late 1990s

VIOLENCE

Level of education of the perpetrators is relatively even across all levels, and the prejudice that violence is more often present among uneducated people has not been confirmed.

As a form of dominance, male violence against women DOES NOT RELATE TO THE EDUCATION of the victim or the perpetrator but, rather, to GENDER STATUS ALONE.

Violent behavior is often “inherited” by men from their older male relatives through social learning and culturally accepted beliefs and stereotypes.

Police officers, most of them male, often accept the excuse used by the perpetrators that the wife’s attitude had provoked them.

Figures suggest that 30% of all abused women share the information with a family member or friend but only 9% visit a doctor

Most of the women who have been trafficked from Moldova claim that the reasons they chose to leave their country:

“did not necessarily include seeking a better life somewhere else but did include escaping the terrible life they had at home.”

The results of the survey showed that physical violence is often associated with sexual violence. On the whole, 4% of the women interviewed indicated that they had been forced into sexual intercourse at some point.

SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC RIGHT

The lack of financial resources and poor infrastructure in Moldova represent serious obstacles to finding solutions to education and poverty, which affect approximately 80% of the population.

1.7% of all children in Moldova receive no education at all or dropped out of school.
Girls and women are socialized to be less assertive and encouraged to take up gender-specific occupations and to have a successful marriage and family life.
Moreover, the education system in Moldova has received less and less money from the state in recent years
At the same time, many people living in rural areas do not receive their wages for more than 6 months or so each year, and whatever they produce is used merely to feed their families not to pay for excess costs such as schooling.

Reportedly between 600,000 and 1 million persons have left the country to find work abroad.

The rate of unemployment in 1998:

· for women was 17.8%, compared with 10.2% for men.

· This figure for women represents a significant increase since 1994, when it was only 8.9%.

· Industrial sectors, such as light industry, which traditionally employed about 80%–85% women were the hardest hit.

Although economic stability is not assured by the open market, periodic inflation and mass unemployment significantly affect the structure of the active population, and particularly the women’s situation within the economy.

CORRUPTION AND ORGANIZED CRIME

With the state-run agencies having little or no money, many civil servants are not getting paid for several months at a time. This includes teachers, police, and border patrol officers,

With organized criminal groups having strong ties throughout Europe and the financial means to continue in their lucrative practices, such underpaid employees are susceptible to bribes and corruption.

Organized criminal groups have a strong hold on many Eastern European cities, easily forcing women into prostitution.