1. Wars
Wars in Asia, Africa, Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and South America, as well as the many national disasters that took place in many regions of the world from the 1960s through the 1990s, created many orphans and orphanages in Indonesia, Cambodia, India, Africa, the Middle East, and
so on.
These orphans and orphanages brought about adoption hysteria, and consequently, some child predators found the orphanages and other orphan concentration areas to contain readily available populations for trafficking in children.
2. Poverty
These single women that had been working far from hometown feel the pressure to prostitute themselves to meet their family obligations and to pay their own rent and transportation to work. With the addition of loneliness, long hours of work (sometimes 16 hours a day), poor living conditions, poor nutrition, and lack of meaningful guidance, many of these women fall prey to Western tourists and organized crime traffickers who make fake promises about great lives waiting for them
3. Family Institution Crisis
In Northern Thailand, in the Hill Tribes, the people live in poverty and have a dire lack of education. Most parents are addicted to drugs such as heroin, and as a result, their children start working at a very early age. Some of these young kids are easily stolen or enticed to leave the poor area by traffickers and are then trafficked and sold into slavery.
4. Exploitation
Some children under the age of 18 years are made to work 16 hours a day in village factories. In Phnom Penh, capital of Cambodia, the home of the country’s garment industry, 90 percent of the workers are women. These women either get little money or have no money left after paying their bills. The exploitation of women and children is not found only in Cambodia, of course.
One can find the same situation in Gabon and Equatorial Guinea in Southwest Africa, where boys are forced to work in plantations without pay and those who are paid are under bonded labor. This means that at the end of the month, they are already further in debt to their masters. Some of the boys who voluntarily entered these two countries but who want to go back to their home countries.
5. Globalization
Another causal factor in the trafficking of women and children is globalization. The idea of shared political policies, culture, trade, and regional treaties that will eliminate the demand for visas at the borders of, for example, Economic Cooperation of West African States nations, European Union, North Atlantic Treaty Organization nations, the North American States, and so on made the trafficking of women and children across international borders very easy, especially among the states that were parties to the treaty.
6. Lack of Law Enforcement
When laws are made to control a certain aberrant behavior but are not enforced, it causes some people in society to commit other crimes far and above those theoretically prohibited.
This is because individuals in such a society form the belief that punishments for violations are not enforced. In addition, plea bargaining is not a stringent law enforcement system.
7. Law enforcement officials are corrupt.
Traffickers in women and children know that law enforcement officials are not keen on enforcing the law in many regions, both in developed and developing countries, especially when it is a matter of prosecuting the sexual abuse of women
Trafficking in women and children is not scary to potential traffickers because they are aware of the existence of such weak social control systems. Individually, plea bargaining and a nonchalant attitude toward stringent law enforcement both weaken the anger of penal law.
Till next time, keep smiling
_lovepeace_
